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Submitted: 23 Jul 2021
Accepted: 22 Sep 2021
ePublished: 30 Dec 2021
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Dis Diagn. 2021;10(4): 144-154.
doi: 10.34172/ddj.2021.27
  Abstract View: 564
  PDF Download: 319

Original Article

Humoral Immune Durability of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Southern Iran: A Population-Based Survey Study

Hossein Farshidi 1 ORCID logo, Mehdi Hassaniazad 2 ORCID logo, Mahmood Hosseinpoor 3, Abdollah Gharibzadeh 1 ORCID logo, Amin Reza Nikpoor 4 ORCID logo, Shokrollah Mohseni 3 ORCID logo, Hossein Abbasi 4 ORCID logo, Shideh Rafati 3 ORCID logo, Abdoulhossain Madani 3 ORCID logo, Abdul-Jabbar Zakeri 3 ORCID logo, Farideh Fakhar 3, Asadollah Ahmadi 3, Ali Heyrani 3 ORCID logo, Saeed Kashani 5 ORCID logo, Gholamali Javdan 3 ORCID logo, Hassan Morshedi 3, Fatemeh Noroziyan 3, Azim Nejatizadeh 4* ORCID logo

1 Cardiovascular Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
2 Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Health, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
3 Social Determinants in Health Promotion Research Center, Research Institute for Health, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
4 Molecular Medicine Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
5 Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Management Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
*Corresponding Author: *Correspondence to Azim Nejatizadeh, Molecular Medicine Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran. Tel: +987633710373 Email: , Email: azimnejate@yahoo. com

Abstract

Background: To promote mitigation strategies and public health response, this study aimed to evaluate the population-based seroprevalence of anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies in Hormozgan province.

Materials and Methods: The study was conducted within 10 districts of Hormozgan province with 1325 participants for three months by considering three-month successive follow-ups to evaluate the durability of humoral immunity. The participants completed the questionnaire, and blood samples were taken followed by immunoassay SARS-CoV-2 ELISA testing.

Results: In general, 717 (54.1%) males and 596 (45.9%) females participated in this study. In phase one, 147 (11.1%) and 182 (14.7%) tested positive for immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG, respectively. Upon three months, 13.8% and 17.8% tested positive for IgG and at least for one of the antibodies. Based on the results, 606 (45.7%) cases reported no symptoms while 673 (50.8%) of them reflected at least one. Among 798 (60.2%) participants, the most common symptoms were headache (n = 244, 18.4%), sore throat (n = 186, 14.0%), weakness (n = 150, 11.3%), muscular pain (n = 139, 10.5%), and sputum cough (n = 134, 10.1%). The odds of the antibodies in females was 1.37 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.82, P = 0.03). In phase 2, 43 (5.3%) participants persisted positive for IgG while 559 (73%) tested negative for IgG. Finally, 20% of the suffered participants tested positive for IgG until nine months.

Conclusion: Although IgG antibodies decreased in the first six months, their titers persisted stable for nine months. It seems our population has not reached a desirable level of protection. It is stressed that mass vaccination is needed to prevent future epidemic waves.



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